From the first half of Bleak House:

ait - a small island, esp. in a river. In green aits and fields…
nosegay - a bouquet of flowers. I knew this one.
patten - a sort of clog worn to give height or keep one out of the mud. I would have guessed some sort of special mitten.
pattening - can’t find anything for this one. Possibly a misprint of “patterning?” It has to do with clothes.
purblind - partially or totally blind. I’m thinking it’s related to “par-boiled.”
weazen - like wizened, but with 100% more ea. Suffix optional.
tapis - a carpet or tapestry.
prolixity - of unnecessary or tedious length. Wordy.
prosing - to speak or write in prose, usually in a dull way. I thought so, just making sure.
paviour - a paving material or person who paves. Might as well just say “paver.”
emolument - profit or fees resulting from labor. Pay, essentially.
nankeen - some sort of yellowish clothing made from Chinese cotton. Makes sense.
desultory - haphazard, inconsistent, tangential (unrelated to sultry)

O Lord!